Subject-Verb Agreement

Secara umum pada bentuk present tense, singular verb berupa base form (bentuk dasar) dari verb dengan ditambahkan suffix (akhiran) -s. Adapun pada plural verb tanpa ditambahkan suffix -s (sebaliknya, plural subject ditambahkan suffix -s). Aturan kata kerja ini berlaku pula pada subjek berupa third person (orang ketiga, contoh: Ricky, Anna) dan semua personal pronoun (they, we= jamak; he, she, it= tunggal), kecuali I dan you. Walaupun berupa subjek tunggal, I dan you dipasangkan dengan kata kerja bentuk jamak.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement

• The sun rises.
• The stars shine.
• Leo rarely eats white bread.
• You go straight ahead then turn left.

Namun jika ada helping verb, maka helping verb-nya yang berubah sedangkan main verb dalam bentuk dasar (base form verb). Pilihan helping verb dalam bentuk tunggal-jamak-nya adalah is-are, does-do, dan has-have. Khusus untuk has-have, agreement tidak berlaku jika kata tersebut merupakan second helping verb atau digunakan dibelakang helping verb lainnya.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement

• My boss always comes on time.
• They like eating out.
• He is working.
• I do submit the task.
• The manager has checked the documents.
• The cat will have been sleeping (has-have TIDAK BERLAKU)

Sedangkan pada past tense, tidak ada perbedaan bentuk kata kerja dalam hal number (tunggal atau jamak)  jika tidak ada helping verb, yaitu: was-were.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement

• The cat was sleeping.
• We were roasting corn.
• She drove fast. (TIDAK BERLAKU)

Adapun jika kata kerja yang digunakan berupa linking verb, maka is, am (khusus I), was (past tense) digunakan oleh singular subject, sedangkan are dan were (past tense) oleh plural subject.

Contoh Kalimat Subject-Verb Agreement

• Ricky is smart.
• The children are naughty.
• I was a stamp collector.
• My books were borrowed by him.

Beberapa Contoh Paragraf

Do you have trouble remembering new words in English? Many people have this problem. This method may help you to remember new words. Look at the new word. Look at the letters and the shape of the word. Close your ayes. Can you see the word? Listen to the word. Listen to the sounds in the word. Look at the word as you listen. Say the word aloud. Close your book. Do not look at the word. Can you say it? Write the word. Write it three or four times. Say the word as you write it. Use the new word. Use it in class today, and use it at home tonight. Use it tomorrow and next week. Look for the new word in the newspaper or the radio or on television and listen to it. To remember a new word, you must use it.

Computer chips have changed our way of life. With computer chips me can make very small computers. Space scientists use these small computers in satellites and space ships. Large companies use these small computers for business. We can make very small calculators with computer chips. Some cal­culators are as small as a c-edit card, and these calculators are not very ex­pensive. Computer chips are also used for making digital watches. A normal watch has a spring and moving hands, but a digital watch has no moving parts. A digital watch shows the time end the date with numbers, and some digital watches even have an alarm and a stop-watch. The computer chip makes all of this possible.

Today most cars use gasoline, but in the future many people may drive electric cars. Electric cars do not pollute the air. Electricity from a battery powers the motor of an electric car. Drivers of electric cars do not fill their cars with gasoline; they connect their cars to an electrical outlet to charge the battery with electricity. The driver of an electric car connects the car to an electrical outlet at night. In the morning, the battery is charged with enough electricity to drive all day. Electric cars are not as fast as gasoline-powered cars and they cannot travel more than 150 miles (270 kilometers). After 150 miles, the driver must charge the battery again. However, electric cars may be one answer to the problems of pollution and high gasoline prices.


Sumber :
JOSS BAHASA INGGRIS DALAM 30 HARI
Badiatul Roziqin
penerbit DIVA Press ( Anggota IKAPI )
Banguntapan Jogjakarta

In Love With You

In the warm glow of a winter night,
your heart and mine warming each other.
Your warm embrace chases the chill away
In your strong warm arms I am here to stay.
The flickering fire shadowing throughout
can never replace the warmth that I feel…
when I’m...
Wanting you…
Needing you…
and always so in love with you!!

EID AL-FITR

Eid al- Fitr is the feast awaited by all Moslem. I am so waiting it so much and want to feel the sensation of the feast. In the morning, my mother awakened and reminded me for carrying morning pray. When I left the room, my father and my mother had been carrying out the Subuh pray. However, my brother was still sleeping soundly and my mother told me that he was very hard to be awakened.

After I did the Subuh pray, I rushed a shower and then wore my best clothes to go to the mosque. 30 minutes later, we were ready and immediately went to the mosque to perform Eid pray. The exclamations were reverberated when we walked into the mosque, and the mosque became a crowded atmosphere because almost all the people in my village had entered the mosque.

My father, my brother, and I were pretty hard to find a place to sit because the mosque was so crowded. Meanwhile, my mother had gotten a seat in the back, at the row of women. When we all had sat down, the prayer began.

Eid prayer is a solemn moment and should be implemented by earnest. We were praying for five to ten minutes. After the prayer had completed, all the worshipers in the mosque were required to sit and listen to lectures. Lectures that delivered by the Islamic preacher aimed to motivate all Muslims to be able to become a better person after the month of Ramadhan.

Lecture proceeded for about ten minutes and we went home soon when the preacher had ended his talk. On the way home, my family and I met a lot of people and we shake hands with to be able to forgive each other.

After I got home, I went to the kitchen and ate delicious food while my parents and my brother arranged the cake in the living room. I did not really care about it and more care about the food on the table. A few minutes later, neighbors came to the house for having the fellowship and I rushed into the living room to meet them.

My family and I also walk around the village to visit all neighbor. Then, we spent the whole day at Grandma and Grandpa’s house. That was my Eid al-Fitr last years.

A Deep Meaning of Friendship

Friendship is like the two rings that have different shapes

But can be combined with a very strong sense

Friendship is just a word

But it has a deep meaning

We’ll feel it when actually find

A continued friend in a life

Friendship has always been an oasis when we experience sadness

Friendship is always a joy to be complementary

A day without friends is very strange

Months without friends are very painful

True friends will always be missed

Talks will continue to be memorable

Easy to get a rich friend

But hard getting a forever friend

Because a true friend is not for a reason

Indeks Sumber Daya Manusia Indonesia

Indeks Sumber Daya  Manusia (SDM) bangsa Indonesia saat ini berada di urutan ke-53 dari 122 negara di dunia berdasarkan pengukuran Forum Ekonomi Dunia yang dikeluarkan Selasa (1/10/2013) di Jenewa, Swiss sebagaimana dikutip rri.co.id

Indeks SDM dari Forum Ekonomi Dunia merupakan perangkat pengukuran baru untuk menilai sejauh mana negara mengelola anugerah sumber daya manusianya berdasarkan potensi kekuatan ekonomi jangka panjang pada tenaga kerja mereka.

Dalam pengukuran Indeks Sumber Daya Manusia tersebut berdasarkan 4 pilar indikator pengukuran antara lain :
1.  Pilar Kesehatan dan Kesejahteraan yang berisi indikator yang berhubungan dengan populasi kesehatan fisik dan mental, dari usia anak-anak hingga dewasa.

2. Pilar Pendidikan yang merujuk pada hubungan aspek-aspek pendidikan secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif dari pendidikan tingkat dasar, menengah hingga tinggi, dan berisi informasi baik ketersediaan tenaga kerja saat ini dan juga di masa depan.

3. Pilar Tenaga Kerja dan Lapangan Kerja yang didesain untuk mengukur tingkat pengalaman, bakat, pengetahuan dan pelatihan dalam satu negara pada populasi usia tenaga kerja produktif.

4. Pilar Dukungan Lingkungan yang menangkap faktor kerangka hukum, infrastruktur dan lainnya yang memungkinkan pengembalian modal manusia.

Indeks ini berisikan 51 indikator-indikator, dengan 12 indikator di pilar Pendidikan, 14 ada di Kesehatan dan Kesejahteraan, 16 di pilar Tenaga Kerja dan Lapangan Kerja, dan sembilan pada Dukungan Lingkungan.

Sementara itu, Mellyana Frederika, manajer proyek  Penguatan Tata Kelola Pemerintah Provinsi (PGSP) UNDP mengatakan, bahwa Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) sebagai salah satu indikator kesejahteraan masyarakat ternyata semakin membaik selama dua dekade terakhir, “Berbeda dengan anggapan umum selama ini, ketimpangan pembangunan manusia (IPM) di Indonesia ternyata cenderung semakin mengecil.”

Pemerintahpun menunjukan komitmennya untuk meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia Indonesia dengan menaikan anggaran pendidikan sebesar 7,5% pada APBN  tahun 2014 sebesar  Rp 371,2 triliun atau sebesar 20% dari APBN 2014 dibandingkan tahun 2013 yang hanya sebesar Rp 345,3 triliun, tentunya dengan tujuan untuk mengakselerasi pembangunan sumber daya manusia Indonesia.

Bangsa Indonesia memiliki sumber daya manusia yang cukup besar merupakan aset bangsa yang sangat menentukan kemajuan bangsa Indonesia disamping memiliki kekayaan alam yang cukup berlimpah sebagai modal dasar untuk menjadikan Indonesia sebagai negara maju yang diperhitungkan dikancah dunia Internasional.

Saat ini sudah banyak kemajuan-kemajuan yang telah diraih  Indonesia di berbagai bidang di antaranya  di dunia politik, demokrasi sudah berkembang dengan baik dan kondusif, di bidang ekonomi, pertumbuhan ekonomi tumbuh rata-rata tumbuh 6% dan mampu bertahan di tengah gejolak dan tekanan ekonomi global yang kurang menguntungkan, di bidang hukum, penegakan hukum secara konsisten ditegakan tanpa pandang bulu, dan satu-persatu pelaku korupsi ditindak secara hukum.

Kemajuan-kemajuan yang telah diraih Indonesia tersebut masih dimungkinkan untuk dikembangkan ke arah yang lebih maju dengan mengelola sumber daya manusia yang lebih komprehensif, lebih fokus, dan menjadikan sumber daya manusia sebagai aset bangsa.

Semua pasti sepakat bahwa mengelola sumber daya manusia berbanding lurus dengan kemajuan bangsa. Kemajuan sebuah bangsa pastinya tidak terlepas dari bagaimana sebuah bangsa mengelola sumber daya manusia dengan baik sebagai aset bangsa yang dapat membawa kemajuan sebuah Bangsa.

Jika kemajuan sebuah bangsa hanya bertopang pada sumber daya alam yang dimiliki maka suatu saat sumber daya alam tersebut akan habis sementara dengan mengelola sumber daya manusia yang baik maka bangsa itu akan dapat eksis didalam percaturan ekonomi global walau mungkin dengan keterbatasan sumber daya alam yang dimilikinya.